The Bachelor of Engineering (commonly abbreviated as BE or BEng) is an undergraduate
academic degree awarded to a student after three to five years of studying engineering
at universities in Armenia, Australia, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Denmark,
Egypt, Finland (non-academic degree), Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland,
Jordan, Korea, Lebanon, Macedonia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, the Netherlands, New
Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Romania, Singapore, South Africa,
Sri Lanka, Sweden, Tunisia, the United Kingdom, the United States, Vietnam, Zambia
and Zimbabwe.[citation needed] The nature of the qualification varies around the
world, hence it may or may not be a professional degree and it may or may not involve
undertaking some engineering work. The course may or may not be accredited by a
national professional society.
Some institutions award a Bachelor of Science (BSc Eng) Engineering, Bachelor of
Engineering Science (BESc), Bachelor of Science in Engineering (BSE), or Bachelor
of Applied Science (BASc) degree to undergraduate students of engineering study.
For example, Canada is the only country that awards the BASc degree for graduating
engineers.
A less common variety of the degree is Baccalaureus in Arte Ingeniaria (BAI), a
Latin name meaning Bachelor in the Art of Engineering.[1] It is awarded by the University
of Dublin, Ireland and is more commonly referred to as Bachelor of Engineering;
some South African Universities refer to their Engineering degrees as B.Ing. (Baccalaureus
Ingeniaria).
Fields
A Bachelor of Engineering degree will usually be undertaken in one field of engineering,
which is sometimes noted in the degree postnominals, as in BE(Aero) or BEng(Elec).
Common fields for the Bachelor of Engineering degree include the following fields:[citation
needed]:
• Aerospace Engineering
• Automotive engineering
• Biological/Chemical Engineering: Including Biochemical, Biomedical, Biosystems,
Biomolecular, and Chemical engineering
• Chemical Engineering: Deals with the process of converting raw materials or chemicals
into more useful or valuable forms
• Computer Engineering
• Civil Engineering: This is a wide-ranging field including building engineering,
civil engineering, construction engineering, industrial, manufacturing, mechanical,
materials and control engineering
• Electrical and Computer Engineering/Electronic Engineering: Very diverse field
including Computer Engineering, Communication/Communication systems engineering,
Information Technology, Electrical Engineering, Electronics Engineering, Microelectronic
Engineering, Microelectronics, Nanotechnology, Mechatronics, Software Engineering,
Systems, Wireless and Telecommunications, Photovoltaic and Power Engineering
• Electrical Controls Engineering: A relatively new and more specialized subdiscipline
of Electrical Engineering that focuses on integrating Electrical Controls, and their
programming.
• Engineering Management: Which is the application of engineering principles to
the planning and operational management of industrial and manufacturing operations
• Environmental Engineering: Includes fields such as Environmental, Geological,
Geomatic, Mining, Marine, and Ocean engineering
• Fire Protection Engineering: Is the application of science and engineering principles
to protect people and their environments from the destructive effects of fire and
smoke.
• Geomatics Engineering: The acquisition, modeling, analysis and management of spatial
data. Focuses on satellite positioning, remote sensing, land surveying, wireless
location and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
• Geotechnical Engineering: A combination of civil and mining engineering, and involves
the analysis of earth materials. • Industrial Engineering: Which studies facilities
planning, production management, statistical quality control, etc.
• Information Technology
• Instrumentation engineering: which is a branch of engineering dealing with measurement
• Manufacturing Engineering: Includes operations management and production management
• Materials Engineering: Includes metallurgy, polymer and ceramic engineering
• Mechanical Engineering: Includes engineering of machines and engines. Explores
the applications of the theoretical field of Mechanics.
• Mechatronics Engineering: Is a combination of Mechanical Engineering, Electronic
Engineering, and Computer Engineering.
• Mining Engineering: Involves the extracting and processing of minerals from a
naturally occurring environment. This particular field is mostly offered in countries
such as Australia where the mining industry is one of the fundamental parts of its
economy.
• Motorsport Engineering: Taking elements of Automotive Engineering and Mechanical
Engineering and applying it to Motorsport.
• Nanotechnology Engineering: Building material from the bottom-up approach. University
of Waterloo is currently the only university offers such a program.
• Naval Engineering: Includes Naval Architecture and Ship construction
• Navigation Technology
• Nuclear Engineering: Includes nuclear and radiological engineering
• Quantity Surveying
International variations
Australia
In Australia, the Bachelor of Engineering (BE) is a four-year undergraduate degree
course and a professional qualification. It is also available as a six-year sandwich
course (where students are required to undertake a period of professional placement
as part of the degree) or an eight-year part-time course through some universities.
The Institution of Engineers, Australia (Engineers Australia) accredits degree courses
and graduates of accredited courses are eligible for membership of the Institution.
Bachelor of Engineering graduates may commence work as a graduate professional engineer
upon graduation, although some may elect to undertake further study such as a Master's
or Doctoral degree. Chartered Professional Engineer (CPEng) status or the various
State registration requirements are usually obtained in later years. Graduates with
formal engineering qualifications in Australia are often referred to as Professional
Engineers to distinguish them from other professions where the term "Engineer" is
used loosely.
Canada
In Canada, a degree for studies in an accredited undergraduate engineering program
is either named Bachelor of Engineering (B. Eng. or B.Ing. in French), or equivalently,
Bachelor of Applied Science or Bachelor of Science. Graduation from an accredited
program, which normally involves four years of study, is a required first step to
becoming a Professional Engineer. Regulation and accreditation are accomplished
through a self-governing body (the name of which varies from province to province),
which is given the power by statute to register and discipline engineers, as well
as regulate the field of engineering in the individual provinces.
Germany
In Germany, the Bachelor of Engineering was introduced as part of implementation
of the Bologna process. However, this degree is in fact mostly offered by German
Fachhochschule-institutions Universities of Applied Sciences. German technical universities
award a Bachelor of Science in engineering rather than the BEng degree.
Finland
The situation is similar in Finland as in Germany. Universities of applied sciences
(ammattikorkeakoulu) grant professional Bachelor's degrees (insinööri (amk)). The
degree does not traditionally prepare for further study, but due to the Bologna
process, a completely new degree of ylempi insinööri (yamk) has been introduced
for engineers who wish to continue studying after some work experience. Before 2005,
academic universities (see Education in Finland) did not make an administrative
distinction between studies on the Bachelor's and Master's level, and the Master's
level diplomi-insinööri was the first degree to be received. Due to the Bologna
process, an intermediate "Bachelor of Science in Engineering" (tekniikan kandidaatti)
has been introduced. However, even today, academic universities do not consider
the AMK degree to be on par with the academic degree, and compensate only half of
the credits.
Netherlands
In the Netherlands the Bachelor of Engineering was also introduced as part of implementation
of the bologna process, the same as in Germany. The degree is only offered by Dutch
Hogeschool-institutions and is equivalent to the Dutch engineer's degree "ingenieur"
(ing.). A Dutch BEng involves a rigorous study of four years and is only awarded
in the field of aeronautical engineering, mechanical engineering, software engineering,
or electrical engineering. Completion of a Dutch engineer's study in the field biochemical
engineering, biomedical engineering, chemical engineering, environmental engineering,
material engineering is however awarded with a Bachelor of Applied Science degree.
Dutch technical universities award a Bachelor of Science in engineering (BScEng)
instead of the BEng degree.
India
In India, the Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) is a degree awarded by many public
and private universities to a student who has completed four years coursework (eight
semesters) related to a specific field of engineering. The prerequisite for an entry
into a B.E. program is 10+2 years of schooling or a Diploma (10+3). It is also a
common requirement for candidates to clear an entrance test administered by the
University / College where they seek admission - especially in more popular institutes;
where places on courses are offered to students based on their ranks in these tests
(refer IIT-JEE). Diploma holders of engineering enter B.E. courses, by lateral entry,
which gives some concessions in study of subjects. Typically a diploma holder student
joins a four year BE program in the second year of BE, thus the diploma student's
years of education (10+3+3=16) are same as non-diploma students (10+2+4=16). Autonomous
universities in India award BTech i.e.; Bachelor of Technology instead of B.E. Some
universities may also offer a "B.Tech with honors" or a "B.Tech with minor" depending
on additional course load.
Some universities also offer a BE-Sandwich programs mostly for Mechanical Engineering
& Production Engineering disciplines. Under this program the students are required
to undergo in-plant training in real world factories. This in-plant training can
be compared to an internship. Only difference is that, at the end of the semester
the student is graded by the university based on the work performed during the in-plant
training. Typically this in-plant training is required in 5th & 8th semester. 5th
semester is the first semester of the third year and 8th semester is the second
semester of the fourth year, and is the final semester of the BE program. Pune University
is one of the universities that offered such BE-Sandwich programs. Under this university
Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, AISSMS College of Engineering and College of
Engineering, Pune have offered BE-Sandwich in past.
Pakistan
In Pakistan, the Bachelor of Engineering Degree with names (B.Sc. Engg. / B.S. Engg.
/ B.E. / B.Tech (Hons) / B.Sc. Technogy, A.M.I.E) is awarded by many Public & Private
Universities/Institutes. Bachelor of Engineering Degree is awarded to a student
who has completed four years course in engineering, which consists of eight semesters.
The entry to an engineering programme is after 12 years of schooling. Students are
required to appear in an entry test and final evaluation is made by calculating
their Intermediate (HSSC / F.Sc. Pre Engineering) Marks and entry test marks. Students
having three years diploma of Associate Engineering (D.A.E.) can also appear for
entry test. The rest of the procedure is same. Due to recent growth in Telecommunication
market of the country, students are more interested to become a Telecommunication
Engineer. Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC), a regulatory body of Engineering profession
in Pakistan, registers and awards registration certificates to those graduates only,
who complete their engineering studies from Universities/Institutes offering Accredited
Engineering Programmes, thus declaring them bona fide Professional Engineers, capable
of carrying-out any professional engineering works in private or public sector and
are entitled to use the prefix (Engr.) with their names in general and (R.E. / P.E.)
titles in particular as per registration status. Engineers are registered in two
categories namely: Registered Engineer (R.E.) & Professional Engineer (P.E.). Graduate
Engineers are registered as Registered Engineers and 5 years of further experience
after graduation gets them registered as Professional Engineers on the PEC Register.
The Bachelor of Technology (commonly abbreviated as B.Tech. or B.Tech.(Hons))
is an undergraduate academic degree conferred after completion of a three or four
year program of studies at an accredited university or accredited university-level
institution. The degree is conferred in the Commonwealth of Nations, India, Republic
of Ireland, the United States, Canada, South Africa, Nigeria, and elsewhere.
In general, the degree is awarded to those who have undertaken a Bachelor of Science
degree program which is additionally supplemented by either occupational placements
(e.g., supervised practica or internships) or practice-based classroom courses.
Due to these requirements, the degree normally takes at least four years.
In some countries, the degree is awarded following completion of a curriculum which
is career oriented, emphasizing practice as opposed to theory. Here, by contrast,
occupational placements and practice-based courses are more heavily weighted within
the program (see Cooperative education).
By country
Australia
In Australia, the Bachelor of Technology programs are three to four years in duration.
Honors awarded to graduates who successfully complete a four year program.
Canada
In Canada, the Bachelor of Technology designation is used inconsistently. Both universities
and community colleges award the degree after completion of four year programs but
have different entrance requirements. Some traditional universities as well community
colleges also award the degree after a one or two year diploma-to-degree bridging
program, such as McMaster University.
Care should be taken not to confuse the B.Tech. degree offered by university-level
institutions with the Bachelor of Applied Technology (B.A.Tech.) or BAT offered
by some community colleges in Canada. Community colleges are represented by the
Association of Canadian Community Colleges (ACCC) and university-level institutions
by the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC), the national accrediting
body of universities in Canada. However, some community college engineering programs
have recently been accredited by Engineers Canada following a thorough review by
the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB), i.e., Conestoga College and
the British Columbia Institute of Technology[dubious – discuss] ).[1] CEAB accreditation
allows licensing as a "Professional Engineer (P.Eng.)" and ensures that graduates
of these programs can continue with graduate engineering studies at traditional
universities.
Ryerson University's usage of the degree is the most inconsistent. Ryerson University
has used the degree for one year diploma-to-degree bridging programs, e.g., Construction
Management. Ryerson University has used the degree for 4-year programs with Grade
12 General Level (Community College) entrance requirements, such as the early Engineering
programs, which is considered equivalent to a three year bachelors degree. Ryerson
has used the degree for 4-year programs with Grade 13 Advanced Level (University)
preparation entrance requirements, e.g., Architectural Science, and later Engineering
programs. Most recently, after the elimination of Ontario Grade 13, Ryerson University
is using the designation for 4-year programs with Grade 12 University Level entrance
requirements.
Care should be taken not to confuse the B.Tech. degree with the C.Tech. (Certified
Technician) designation used in Canada by the engineering technologists and technicians
associations, which is attained by completion of a 2-year diploma program followed
by two years of acceptable experience.
India
In India, The Bachelor of Technology in Engineering degree is awarded after completion
of a 4 year program(Eight Semester which includes seminar,practicals & Projects).
The B.Tech. degree is conferred by government and private institutions in various
fields like Applied Electronics and Instrumentation, Computer Science and Engineering,
Information Technology, Electronics (Communication & Instrumentation) Engineering,
Mechanical Engineering, Automobile engineering,
Israel
In Israel, the B.Tech. degree is awarded only by academic colleges in fields of
engineering. The minimum duration of the B.Tech. degree is eight semesters and 160
credit hours.[2] It is also awarded to those who have upgraded from a Practical
Engineering certificate to a B.Tech. degree by taking supplemental studies of minimum
five semesters and 100 credit hours. [3] The importance of this course can be judged
from the fact that GDS is pursuing it.
Kenya
In Kenya, The B.Tech degree is awarded by Moi University and takes five years to
complete. The fields offered by the university are Chemical engineering, Civil engineering,
Computer engineering, Electrical engineering, Textile Engineering and Production
Engineering
Nigeria
In Nigeria, The B.Tech. degree is awarded by Universities of Technology or Science
and Technology which can be Federal, State or Privately owned.The duration of study
is usually five years of ten semesters.Nine of these semesters is spent in the university
while one(usually the second semester of the fourth year) is spent on compulsory
Industrial Training(IT)ranging from three to six months although it can extend for
a whole session(usually the whole fourth year) for students of Agriculture related
courses. At inception most of the universities offered core Science courses,but
have now expanded their course offerings to include Social Sciences and even Medicine.There
are five Federal universities of Technology in Nigeria located in Minna,Akure,Owerri,Yola
and Bauchi with some state and privately owned ones around the country.
Pakistan
In Pakistan: Bachelor of Technology (Honors) degree is a four year undergraduate
degree program, including supervised industrial training, Projects and intensive
course studies. The prerequisite for this program is a three years Diploma of Associate
Engineer in specific fields e.g. Chemical, Electronics, Electrical, Mechanical and
Civil Engineering etc. or two years F.Sc Pre-Engineering. B.Tech Honors four years
degree awarded by public and private sector Universities under supervision of Higher
Education Commission (Govt. of Pakistan) B.Tech (Hons) Degree from any HEC accredited
Universities is considered at par and compatible with B.Sc.Engineering degree.
The previous GOVT of Pakistan: had amended the PEC Act in 2003, directing the PEC
to register the B.Tech graduates as Engineering technologists, but the government
had recently amended the PEC Act 2010 and removed the technologist category. The
bill had been passed by the National Assembly and Senate but the PEC had announced
that it would not consider the four-year BTech degree equivalent to the BSc engineering.
Now Hamid Sajjad decided the government should make a separate council for Engineering
technologists (B-Tech & M.Tech) and technicians (DAE), named “PTC - Pakistan Technology
Council”.
Bs Tech Now New Program Is Start in pakistan in Stead of B-tech. BS TEch Is Consider
equal to BSC Engr. Exams Is Slected under Uet Lahore. The Affilated Colleges ARe..
GCT Rasul. GCT Lahore. ETC
South Africa
In South Africa, the B.Tech is awarded by Universities of Technology and Comprehensive
Universities - as distinct from Traditional Universities - and is generally practice
or career oriented, as opposed to academically oriented. (As an example, the BTech
is the qualification required for practice as an engineering technician or as an
architectural technologist, as opposed to practice as an engineer or as an architect
for which the B.Eng or B.Arch is required.) Relatedly, it is often offered in areas
in which there is no corresponding B.Sc. or BComm (e.g. B.Tech: Forestry Management
[4], B.Tech: Explosives Management [5]). The degree is obtained after four years
of study, and is usually offered as a one year programme, following completion of
a relevant three year National Diploma. The degree (often) carries the same points
as other Bachelor's degrees in terms of South Africa's National Qualifications Framework.
At the same time, however, due to its orientation, it does not grant admission to
the corresponding M.Sc. or MComm program, and students instead pursue the Master
of Technology (M.Tech.) and Doctor of Technology (D.Tech.) degrees; it does grant
admission to MBA programmes (see List of business schools in South Africa).
Sri Lanka
In Sri Lanka, The Open University of Sri Lanka(since 1980) is the pioneer in offering
the BTech which has a duration of minimum five years.Undergraduates can be specialised
in Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Electronics and communication Engineering,
Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Automobile Engineering, Manufacturing
Engineering, Mechatronics Engineering and Textile and Apparel Technology.
B.Tech Engineering is also offered by the recently established Uva Wellassa University
which has a duration of four years. This is known to be a specialized degree where
they are subjected to specialize in three fields, Food Engineering & Bioprocess
Technology, Material science & technology and Mechatronics.
The BTech is also offered in Sri Lanka by the University of Vocational Technology
in following fields of Information Communication Technology, Building Services Technology,
Manufacturing Technology, and Mechatronics Technology.
United Kingdom
The degree is no longer awarded in the United Kingdom. Those who take such programs
are more commonly awarded a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree. Care should be taken
not to confuse the B.Tech. degree with the United Kingdom's Business & Technical
Education Council (BTEC) designation, which is not a university degree. BTEC functions
have now been overtaken by Edexcel.
United States
In the USA, The Bachelor of Technology degree is awarded after completion of a 4
year program. Many of the colleges and universities offering this degree are located
in the states of Alaska (INDS), Florida, New York (New York City College of Technology,
State University College at Buffalo, SUNY Morrisville), Illinois (Chicago), Missouri
(Northwest Missouri State University), Nevada, South Carolina, Oklahoma (Northeastern
State University), Virginia and Georgia (Southern Polytechnic State University).
For example World College located in Virginia offers Bachelor of Technology degrees.
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